CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ALOYSIA TRIPHYLLA L. ESSENTIAL OILS AND METHANOLIC EXTRACT

Main Article Content

L. REZIG
M. SADAA
N. TRABELSI
S. TAMMAR
H. LIMAM
I. BETTAIEB REBEY
A. SMAOUI
G. SGHAIER
G. DEL RE
R. KSOURI
K. Msaada

Keywords

Aloysia triphylla L, regions, phenolic, essential oils, antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity

Abstract

The essential oil variability in aerial parts of Aloysia triphylla, collected from four different Tunisian regions was assessed. In addition, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and condensed tannins as well as antioxidant, antibacterial, and antifungal activities of methanolic extract and essential oils were determined. Chromatographic analysis of Aloysia triphylla essential oils showed the predominance of monoterpene aldehydes represented mainly by neral and geranial. RP-HPLC analysis of Aloysia triphylla methanolic extract revealed the predominance of p-coumaric acid among the 15 phenolic acids identified. Antiradical activity was region-dependent and the methanolic extract of  Kairouan sample had the strongest activity. Concerning the reducing power, the methanolic extract of Kairouan, Siliana, Kairouan, and Gabes samples were less active than the positive control. Siliana sample showed the least ability to prevent the bleaching of B-carotene, whereas Kairouan sample exhibited the strongest activity. Obtained results of antimicrobial and antifungal activities showed that Aloysia triphylla essential oil was endowed with important antibacterial and antifungal properties. Overall, based on its methanolic extract and essential oil features, Aloysia triphylla may be considered as a valuable source of new multipurpose products for industrial, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical utilization.

Abstract 1376 | pdf Downloads 1219

References

Adams R.P. 2004. Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Allured, IL: Carol Stream.

Ali H.F.M., El-Beltagi H.S. and Nasr N.F. 2011. Evaluation of antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Aloysia Triphylla. Elec. J. Envir. Agric. Food Chem. 10:2689-2699.

Bensabah F, Lamiri A, and Naja J. 2014. Effect of purified wastewater from the city of Settat (Morocco) on the quality of Lippia citriodoraessential oil and infusion. J. Saudi Soc. Agric. Sci. 14:101-108.

Bettaieb Rebey, I, Bourgou S, Ben Slimen Debez I, Jabri Karoui I, Hamrouni Sellami I, Msaada K, Limam F, and Marzouk B. 2012. Effects of extraction solvents and provenances on phenolic contents and antioxidant activities of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) Seeds. Food Bioprocess Technol. 5:2827–2836.

Carnat A., Carnat A.P., Fraise D. and Lamaison, J.L. 1999. The Aromatic and polyphenolic composition of Lemon verbena Tea. Fitoterapia 7:44-49.

Catalan C.A.N., de and Lampasona M.E.P. 2002. The chemistry of the Genus Lippia (Verbenaceae). In: Kintzios, S.E. (Ed.), Oregano: The genera Origanum and Lippia, first ed. Taylor and Francis Inc. 127-149. pp.

Chao S.C., Young D.G. and Oberg C.J. 2000. Screening of inhibitory activity of essential oils on selected bacteria, fungi and viruses. J. Essent. Oil Res. 12:639-649.

Cheurfa M. and Allem R. 2016. Evaluation of antioxidant activity of different extracts of Aloysia triphylla leaves (L’Herit.) from Algeria in vitro. Phytother. 14:181-187.

Choupani M., Arabshahi Delouee S. and Alami M. 2014. Antioxidant properties of various solvent extracts of Lemon verbena (Lippia citriodora) leaves. Inter. J. Adv. Biol. Biomed. Res. 2:1340-1346.

Cook N.C. and Samman S. 1996. Flavonoids-chemistry, metabolism, cardio protective effects and dietary sources. J. Nutr. Biochem. 7:66-76.

Crabas N., Marongiu B., Piras A., Pivetta T. and Porcedda S. 2003. Extraction, separation and isolation of volatiles and dyes from Calendula officinalis L. and Aloysia triphylla (L’Her.) britton by supercritical CO2. J. Essent. Oil Res. 15:350-355.

Delaquis P.J., Stanich K., Girard B. and Mazza G. 2002. Antimicrobial activity of individual and mixed fractions of dill, cilantro, coriander and eucalyptus essential oils. Inter. J. Food Microbiol. 74:101-109.

Dewanto V., Wu X., Adom K. and Liu R.H. 2002. Thermal processing enhances the nutritional value of tomatoes by increasing total antioxidant activity. J. Agric. Food Chem. 50:3010-3014.

Di Leo Lira P., Van Baren C.M., Lopez S., Molina A., Heit C., Viturro C. and De Lampasona M.P. 2013. Northwestern Argentina: A center of genetic diversity of lemon verbena (Aloysia citriodora PALÁU, Verbenaceae). Chem. Biodiv. 10:251-261.

Dixon R.A. and Paiva N.L. 1995. Stress-induced phenylpropanoid metabolism. The Plant Cell 7:1085-1097.

Dominguez-Avila J.A., González-Aguilar G.A., Alvarez-Parrilla E. and De la Rosa L.A. 2016. Modulation of PPAR expression and activity in response topolyphenolic compounds in high fat diets. Inter. J. Mol. Sci. 17 (7):1002.

Duarte M.C.T., Figueira G.M., Sartoratto A., Rehder V.L.G. and Delarmelina C. 2005. Anti-candida activity of Brazilian medicinal plants. J. Ethnopharmacol. 97:305-311.

El Babili F., Babili M.E.L., Souchard J.P., Chatelain C. 2013. Culinary decoctions: spectrophotometric determination of various polyphenols coupled with their antioxidant activities. Pharm. Crops, 4, 15-20.

El Hawary S., Yousif M., Abdel Motaal A. and Abd-El Hameed L. 2011. Composition and bioactivities of the essential oil from leaves of Lippia Citriodora Kunth cultivated in Egypt. J. Biol. Active Prod. Nat. 1:112-119.

El-Hawary S.S., Yousif M.F., Abdel Motaal A. and Abd-Hameed LM. 2012. Bioactivities, phenolic compounds and in-vitro propagation of Lippia citriodoraKunth cultivated in Egypt. Bull. Fac. Pharm. Cairo Univ. 50:1-6.

European Pharmacopoeia (Ph. Eur.) 9th ed. 2017. https://www.edqm.eu/en/european-pharmacopoeia-9th-edition.

Hanato T., Kagawa H., Yasuhara T. and Okuda T. 1988. Two new flavonoids and other constituents in licorice root: their relative astringency and radical scavenging effect. Chem. Pharm. Bul.l 36:1090-1097.

Kim N.S. and Lee D.S. 2004. Headspace solid-phase microextraction for characterization of fragrances of lemon verbena (Aloysia triphylla) by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. J. Sep. Sci. 27:96-100.

Koleva I.I., Teris A.B., Jozef P.H., Linssen A.G., Lyuba N.E. 2002. Screening of plant extracts for antioxidant activity: a comparative study on three testing methods. Phytochem. Anal. 13, 8–17.

Kulisic T., Radonic A., Katalinic V. and Milos M. 2004. Use of different methods for testing antioxidative activity of oregano essential oil. Food Chem. 85:633-640.

Kurita N., Miyaji M., Kurane R. and Takahara Y. 1981. Antifungal activity of components of essential oils. Agric. Biol. Chem. 45:945-952.

Magwa M.L., Gundidza M., Gweru N. and Humphrey G. 2006. Chemical composition and biological activities of essential oil from the leaves of Sesuvium portulacastrum. J. Ethnopharmacol. 103:85-89.

Mau J.L., Chang C.N., Huang S.J. and Chen C.C. 2004. Antioxidant properties of methanolic extracts from Grifola frondosa, Morchella esculenta and Termitoymyces albuminosus mycelia. Food Chem. 87:111-118.

Moein M.M., Zarshenas M. and Etemadfard H. 2014. Essential oil composition and total flavonoid content of Aloysia Citriodora Palau under different cultivation systems. Inter. J. Plant Anim. Envir. Sci. 4:353-358.

Msaada K., Hosni K., Ben Taarit M., Chahed T., Kchouk M.E. and Marzouk B. 2007. Changes on essential oil composition of coriander (Coriandrum sativumL.) fruits during three stages of maturity. Food Chem.102:1131-1134.

Oyaizu M.1986. Studies on products of browning reaction: antioxidative activity of products of browning reaction. Jap. J. Nutr. 44:307-315.

Özek T., Kirimer N., Baser K.H.C. and Tümen G. 1996. Composition of the essential oil of Aloysia triphylla (L’Herit.) Britton Grown in Turkey. J. Essent. Oil Res. 8:581-583.

Pascual M.E., Slowing K., Carretero E., Šanchez Mata D. and Villar A. 2001. Lippia: traditional uses, chemistry and pharmacology: a review. J. Ethnopharmacol. 76:201-214.

Portmann E., López Nigro M.M., Reides C.G., Llesuy S., Ricco R.A. and Wagner M.L.2012. Aqueous extracts of Lippia turbinata and Aloysia citriodora (Verbenaceae): assessment of antioxidant. Inter. J. Toxicol. 31:192-202.

Proestos C., Boziaris I.S., Nychas G.J.E. and Komaitis M. 2006. Analysis of flavonoids and phenolic acids in Greek aromatic plants: investigation of their antioxidant capacity and antimicrobial activity. Food Chem. 95:664-671.

Quirantes-Piné R., Funes L., Micol V., Segura-Carretero A. and Fernández-Gutiérrez A. 2009. High-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection coupled to electrospray time-of-flight and ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry to identify phenolic compounds from a Lemon verbenaextract. J. Chromatogr. A 1216:5391-5397.

R?os J.L. and Recio M.C. 2005. Medicinal plants and antimicrobial activity. J. Ethnopharmacol. 100:80-84.

Sacchetti G., Medici A., Maietti S., Radice M., Muzzoli M. and Manfredini S. 2004. Composition of functional properties of the essential oil of amazonian basil, Ocimum micranthum Willd. Labiatae in comparison with commercial essential oils. J. Agric. Food Chem. 52:3486-3491.

Santos-Gomes P.C., Fernandes-Ferreira M. and Vicente A.M.S. 2005. Composition of the essential oils from flowers and leaves of vervain (Aloysia triphylla (L’Herit.) Britton) grown in Portugal. J. Essent. Oil Res.17:73-78.

Sharma A., Flores-Vallejo R.D.C. Cardoso-Taketa A. and Villarreal M.L. 2016. Antibacterial Activities of Medicinal Plants Used in Mexican Traditional Medicine. J. Ethnopharmacol. 208:264-329.

Statsoft. 1998. STATISTICA for Windows (Computer Program Electronic Manual); Statsoft Inc.: Tulsa, OK.

Sun B., Ricardo-da-Silva J.M. and Spranger I. 1998. Critical factors of vanillin assay for catechins and proanthocyanidins. J. Agric. Food Chem. 46:4267-4274.

Taghi Ebadi M., Azizi M., Sefidkom F. and Ahmadi N. 2015. Influence of different drying methods on drying period, essential oil content and composition of Lippia citriodoraKunth. J. App. Res. Med. Arom. Plants. 2:182-187.

Teixeira Duarte M.C., Leme E.E., Delarmelina C., Soares AA., Figueira G.M. and Sartoratto A. 2007. Activity of essential oils from Brazilian medicinal plants on Escherichia coli. J. Ethnopharmacol. 111:197-201.

Valentão P., Andrade P.B., Areias F., Ferreres F. and Seabra R.M. 1999. Analysis of vervain flavonoids by HPLC/diode array detector method. Its application to quality control. J. Agric. Food Chem. 47:4579-4582.

Vasco C., Ruales J. and Kamal-Eldin A. 2008. Total phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacities of major fruits from Ecuador. Food Chem. 111:816-823.

Vinha A.F., Soares M.O., Castro A., Santos A., Oliveira M.B.P.P. and Machado M. 2012. Phytochemical characterization and radical scavenging activity of aqueous extracts of medicinal plants from Portugal. Eur. J. Med. Plants 2:335-347.

Zhang W. and Wang S.Y. 2001. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in selected herbs. J. Agric. Food Chem. 49:5165-5170.